Damage to the myelin sheath can lead to a range of neurological disorders. One of the most well-known myelin-related diseases is multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks the myelin in the CNS. This leads to disrupted nerve signals, causing symptoms such as muscle weakness, coordination problems, and cognitive impairment. Other conditions, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, affect the myelin in the PNS and can lead to similar disruptions in nerve function.
